What you need to know about:

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

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Recovery Period:
1-2 weeks in hospital
Permanence:
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Time it takes:
3-6 hours
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Anesthetize:
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Overview of

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

in Thailand

CABG is a heart surgery procedure in which one or more blocked coronary arteries are bypassed by a blood vessel graft to restore normal blood flow to the heart. These grafts usually come from the patient’s own arteries and veins located in the chest (thoracic), leg (saphenous) or arm (radial). The graft goes around the blocked artery (or arteries) to create new pathways for oxygen-rich blood to flow to the heart.

Goals of

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

The goals of the procedure are to relieve symptoms of coronary artery disease (including angina), enable the patient to resume a normal lifestyle and to lower the risk of a heart attack or other heart problems.

Price of

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

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Pros and cons of

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

Pros

-Lowering your chance of a heart attack

-It can reduce heart pain or cure it permanently.

-It provides additional liveliness for corporal activities.

Cons

-Heart attack

-Stroke

-Bleeding in or after the operation

-Changes in heartbeats

-Allergic effect on the anaesthesia or other equipment used in the operation

-Injuries in nerves of torso, limbs, or legs

How It Works:

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

To bypass the blockage, the surgeon makes a small opening just below the blockage in the diseased coronary artery. If a saphenous (leg) vein or radial (arm) artery is used, one end is connected to the coronary artery and the other to the aorta. If a mammary artery is used, one end is connected to the coronary artery while the other remains attached to its origin at left subclavian artery. The graft is sewn into the opening, redirecting the blood flow around this blockage.    The procedure is repeated until all affected coronary arteries are treated. It is common for three or four coronary arteries to be bypassed during surgery.  Before the patient leaves the hospital, the doctor or nurse will explain the specific bypass procedure that was performed.   Heart-Lung Machine  During surgery, the heart-lung bypass machine (called “on-pump” surgery) is used to take over for the heart and lungs, allowing the circulation of blood throughout the rest of the body. The heart’s beating is stopped so the surgeon can perform the bypass procedure on a “still” heart.  Off-pump or beating heart bypass surgery Off-pump or beating heart bypass surgery allows surgeons to perform surgery on the heart while it is still beating. The heart-lung machine is not used. The surgeon uses advanced operating equipment to stabilize (hold) portions of the heart and bypass the blocked artery in a highly controlled operative environment. Meanwhile, the rest of the heart keeps pumping and circulating blood to the body

Preparation before

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

Pre - treatment

Your doctor might order a number of tests before your CABG procedure. These may include blood tests, EKG, echocardiogram, chest x ray, cardiac catheterization, and angiography.  You will receive detailed instructions from your doctor on how to prepare for CABG surgery. Instructions will include information on what you can eat or drink, what medicines you can take, and what activities to stop (ex: smoking). Most patients are admitted to the hospital on the same day as the surgery.

Recovery after

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

Post - treatment

After your coronary artery bypass grafting procedure, you will generally spend 1 to 2 days in an intensive care unit. Your heart rate and blood pressure will be closely monitored and you might be given intravenous medicines to regulate your blood circulation and blood pressure. When your condition has stabilized, you will be moved to a less intensive care area of the hospital for 3 to 5 days of monitoring.  For your recovery time at home, your doctor will provide you with detailed instructions. These will include guidance on caring for your healing incisions, recognizing signs of infection or other complications and knowing when to call the doctor immediately. Instructions will also be provided on how to manage common surgery after-effects which generally disappear within 4 to 6 weeks after the operation. After-effects may involve one or more of the following symptoms:  -Irritation or itching from healing incisions -Swelling of the area where an artery or vein was taken for grafting -Muscle ache or tightness in the shoulders and upper back -Fatigue, mood swings, or depression -Difficulty sleeping -Loss of appetite -Constipation -Chest pain around the site of the chest bone incision (this is more frequent with the traditional surgery)  Complete recovery from traditional CABG may take 6 to 12 weeks or longer. Nontraditional CABG patients usually have a shorter recovery time.You will receive instructions from your doctor on when to resume regular physical activities. Although time-frames vary between patients, most people can resume sexual activity within 4 weeks and driving after 3 to 8 weeks. Most patients return to work after 6 weeks, unless their job involves strenuous physical labor. Some people may be advised to consider changing to less physically demanding type of work, permanently; others, to work a reduced schedule at first.

Risks & side effects

As with any surgery, there are risks, including the possibility of:

-Complication associated with anesthesia, including respiratory or cardiac malfunction

-Infection

-Bleeding

-Stroke

-Arrhythmia

-Kidney failure

-Low cardiac output

-Perioperative myocardial infarction

FAQs:

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG - Heart Surgery)

What kind of patients are eligible for CABG?

The decision to prescribe medical treatment, invasive procedures or cardiac bypass surgery depends on several factors including the extent of cardiovascular disease, the severity of symptoms, your age and other medical conditions. The cardiologist (heart specialist) and surgeon will determine the best method of therapy for each patient

How long will the procedure take?

The length of time the operation takes will vary based on the type of CABG performed, number of vessels being bypassed, the graft location, your medical history, and other special needs you may have. In general, CABG takes 3 to 6 hours.

Which parts of my body will the graft come from?

The 3 common arteries that the graft can be obtained form include; the internal mammary artery, radial artery and greater saphenous vein.

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